Intracranial hemorrhage is a potentially life-threatening condition categorized into four main groups by the location of bleeding: epidural, subdural, subarachnoid, and intraparenchymal. Subdural hematoma (SDH) is increasingly common as the population of older adults increases. Clinicians must recognize the typical presentations and order diagnostic imaging studies to make a timely diagnosis and referral to neurosurgery for definitive treatment. Understanding the pathophysiology and risk factors for chronic or expanding SDH informs decision-making in managing anticoagulants. Emerging treatments offer potential alternatives to the traditional evacuation of SDH by craniotomy, which remains the standard of care for most symptomatic patients.

Learning Objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, participants should be able to:

• Describe risk factors for and common presenting features of SDH
• Review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of SDH
• Discuss the effect of anticoagulant and antithrombotic drugs on SDH
• Review current and emerging treatments for SDH

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Evaluation and Management of Febrile Neutropenia in Patients With Cancer

Learning Objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, participants should be able to:

• List the parameters that define febrile neutropenia
• Describe the pathophysiology of febrile neutropenia and the most common sources of infection
• Describe the use of risk assessment in the evaluation and care planning for patients with febrile neutropenia and cancer
• Identify the characteristics of candidates for outpatient management