JAAPA CME Post-Test May 2024

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Managing Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Primary Care

Major depressive disorder (MDD) remains a significant risk to adolescent health and well-being, recently amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Access to adolescent mental health care services remains challenging in many areas, resulting in many adolescents diagnosed with MDD remaining untreated. Primary care providers are becoming increasingly crucial in promptly diagnosing and treating this concern. Various clinical guidelines can support clinicians in developing strategies for screening, diagnosing, and managing a vulnerable population with MDD. Standardized screenings, algorithms, and treatment guidelines can help improve the quality of life and functional impairment of those with MDD.

Learning Objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, participants should be able to:
  • Summarize the statistics on MDD and the disorder’s effects on adolescents
  • Identify MDD criteria as outlined by the DSM-5 and validated screening tools
  • Describe appropriate treatment choices for adolescents diagnosed with MDD

Acute Liver Failure

Acute liver failure, commonly caused by acetaminophen overdose, is associated with numerous systemic complications including cerebral edema, hypotension, acute kidney injury, and infection. Management is primarily supportive, with an emphasis on excellent neurocritical care. Although some antidotes and targeted treatments exist, the only definitive treatment remains orthotopic liver transplant.
 

Learning Objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, participants should be able to:
  • Identify and differentiate ALF from more common conditions such as acute hepatitis, decompensated cirrhosis, and acute-on-chronic liver failure
  • Identify the most common causes of ALF
  • Understand the most common complications of ALF
  • Incorporate the best available evidence-based strategies into the resuscitation and initial management of patients with ALF
 

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