JAAPA CME Post-Test March 2023

A Review of Organizing Pneumonia

Organizing pneumonia is a clinical and pathological syndrome that describes a lung injury caused by an inflammatory reaction in the alveolar connective tissue. Classified as an interstitial lung disease, it can be secondary to infection, drug toxicity, connective tissue disorders, inhalation injuries (cocaine), organ transplant, or radiotherapy, and also can be idiopathic. Although organizing pneumonia is not a new phenomenon, it has been noted to be a complication of COVID-19, and should be considered in patients who have had COVID-19 and have atypical chest imaging, because treatment includes corticosteroids instead of antimicrobials.

Learning Objectives

  • Define organizing pneumonia and identify potential causes
  • Describe radiographic findings for diagnosis of organizing pneumonia
  • Identify the incidence of organizing pneumonia after COVID-19
  • Describe the treatment course for patients with organizing pneumonia

An Outpatient Pain Plan and ED Pain Pathway for Adults With Sickle Cell Disease

Sickle cell disease (SCD), one of the most common inherited diseases, is associated with lifetime morbidity and reduced life expectancy. In the United States, SCD primarily affects Black patients and, to a lesser degree, those of Hispanic descent. These populations are known to have healthcare disparities related to lower socioeconomic status, limited access to healthcare, and racial bias. The quality-adjusted life expectancy of patients with SCD is less than 35 years, because of progressive complications of the disease. The most common complication is severe episodic pain related to vaso-occlusive ischemic events. Despite guidelines, pain management often is delayed as patients struggle with resistance from clinicians based on concerns over opioid use or abuse, overdose, or drug-seeking behavior. Effective pain management can be accomplished with collaboration between clinicians and patients, a documented outpatient pain management plan, and when necessary, an ED clinical pain pathway for acute SCD pain management.

Learning Objectives

  • List the risks of no treatment, poor treatment, delayed treatment, and undertreatment of acute vaso-occlusive pain on the quality of care for adults with SCD
  • Describe the disparities in adequate opioid pain care for adults with SCD pain crisis
  • Describe standardized procedures for chronic and acute pain management care for adults with SCD in outpatient settings and EDs

AAPA offers no returns or refunds for online CME activities purchased via the AAPA store. All sales are final.