JAAPA CME Post-Test January 2021
Managing Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is one of the most common oncologic emergencies, occurring when tumor cell contents are rapidly released into the bloodstream. This release of cellular contents, including uric acid, phosphate, and potassium, can rapidly overwhelm the body’s homeostasis mechanisms, leading to renal failure, seizures, cardiac dysrhythmias, or death. With an estimated 1.8 million new diagnoses of cancer projected in 2020 and an increase in the use of targeted agents for treatment, healthcare providers must be able to recognize, diagnose, and manage patients presenting with TLS.
Guidelines for Screening and Managing Hypertension in Children
Pediatric hypertension has risen to an overall prevalence of
16.3%. If left untreated, hypertension in children and adolescents can have significant implications for cardiovascular
and renal health into adulthood, including stroke, coronary
artery disease, kidney disease, and heart failure. In 2017, the
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) released updated
guidelines for the screening, evaluation, and management
of pediatric hypertension. This activity reviews the definition
of pediatric hypertension, describes why the guidelines were
updated, and defines treatment protocol. By familiarizing
themselves with and applying these guidelines, clinicians will
be able to appropriately screen and manage hypertension in
children to prevent morbidity into adulthood.
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