JAAPA CME Post-Test August 2020
Red Flags of Low Back Pain
Low back pain is a frequent complaint of patients seeking
care at private offices, ambulatory clinics, and EDs. Key signs
and symptoms can guide clinicians in differentiating acute
and persistent mechanical low back pain from back pain
resulting from a specific cause. Awareness of these findings
can reduce the number of missed or incorrect diagnoses that
lead to poor patient outcomes. The ability to recognize the
red flag findings of serious causes of low back pain ensures
prompt diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment.
This activity highlights the history and physical examination
findings that will improve identification of red flags associated
with emergency or serious causes.
Adult Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder in the Ambulatory Care Setting
Adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is
a significant and prevalent disorder. ADHD can impair
adults’ quality of life, so clinicians in multiple specialties
should be able to recognize and treat the disorder.
Much of the current literature has focused on childhood
ADHD. However, adult ADHD is a common
comorbidity in patients with mental illness, and it is
essential that patients diagnosed with the disorder are
treated appropriately, which can significantly improve
outcomes. Adults with untreated ADHD are more
likely to have substance dependence, job instability, and
an overall poorer quality of life. This article reviews
the screening and assessment for adult ADHD along
with pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic recommendations
for the management of the disorder.
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